AI Digital Transformation
Curie is a name synonymous with leading medical research and scientific discovery. Institut Curie was founded in 1909 and was established as a laboratory of excellence, headed up by Marie Curie, the groundbreaking scientist. Fast forward over a century and Institut Curie, the first French research and cancer center, still leads the way. Located in Paris, Saint-Cloud and Orsay and made up of an internationally renowned research center and a cutting-edge hospital group, Institut Curie treats all cancers, even the rarest forms. Its hospital group cares for approximately 56,000 patients annually, making it one of the leading cancer treatment centers in France and internationally.
When the main job involves something as crucial as fighting cancer, time-consuming administrative tasks can be a source of frustration. That’s why Institut Curie, one of the world’s foremost centers for cancer research and treatment, is turning to AI to assist researchers with non-research parts of their jobs.
To cope with the Covid-19 pandemic, Curie employees relied on M365 to communicate quickly, hold meetings and share documents. With the addition of Microsoft 365 Copilot, they see even more potential. Institut Curie is working with Microsoft and partner Witivio to create an agent to help with administrative and other time-consuming tasks in their day-to-day work. The new agent is called Copilot for Researcher.
“Cancer is widespread for many different reasons, and it’s critical to put the maximum time we can in searching for a solution to it,” said Pascal Hersen, head of the Institut Curie’s physics lab and a senior research director with France’s National Scientific Research Center, or CNRS, after its French initials. “Whatever the distance from the cure, there is this need to be more efficient.”
In the institute’s wet labs, the work is intense. Researchers in white coats lean over microscopes and transfer vials to various machines that shake or swirl their contents. The labs have emergency showers and eye-cleansing stations, although the offices are sunny and full of plants. Signs in English and French – the institute employs more than 70 nationalities – admonish employees to recycle. At the main entrance, which serves both the research institute and the hospital, women come and go wearing turbans to cover their hair loss from treatment. It is impossible to forget the people for whom research cannot happen fast enough. For more than a century, the Institut Curie has been leading the way.
Marie and Pierre Curie discovered polonium and radium, two radioactive elements. The Curies developed radiation therapy for cancer, and the Institut Curie has kept up the multidisciplinary tracks of cutting-edge scientific discovery, applied research and treatment of cancer patients.
Hersen leads fundamental research using physics to understand life, using quantitative methods and modeling to study the emerging properties of genetic networks, proteins, cells and tissues to better understand the origins of cancer. A colleague, Céline Vallot, is a research director at the CNRS and leads the dynamics of epigenetic plasticity in cancer group, focusing on triple-negative breast cancer, one of the most aggressive subtypes. Epigenetic changes are those that alter how genes act without being mutations. “Everything outside of mutations gives us a lot of hope in cancer research because these phenomena are partially reversible,” she said. By understanding these mechanisms, the hope is to eventually turn them back.
While the Institut Curie has used AI for more than a decade, training deep learning models on medical scans to recognize tumors and help with diagnoses, for example, it launched a drive two years ago for digital transformation throughout the organization, said Julien Dufour, Curie’s director of digital transformation. “What is new today is the democratization of AI tools like Microsoft’s across the entire institute, notably through M365. The daily and administrative tasks are necessary to researchers’ work, but they are losing too much time on these back-office tasks. That is the first use case.”
They may want to learn how other researchers approached a problem or the steps they took to conduct an experiment. Researchers currently check scientific databases such as the biomedical archive PubMed, BioRXiv, ScienceDirect or HAL, using keywords.
The Copilot for Researcher will let researchers use natural language queries to retrieve more relevant results from the same databases that Curie subscribes to or that are open to the public, grounding the Copilot in the same sources the researchers have been consulting manually. Every scientific paper already has an abstract, but sometimes the researcher wants other information that’s buried in the article – information that isn’t among the handful of main findings in the abstract. Copilot for Researcher can unearth that information, summarize it and provide a citation for the bibliography if the researcher decides to use that tidbit later, relieving the researcher from tedious cutting and pasting.
“When I spend my time finding a number in 100 papers, I can do it,” Hersen said. “But my time can be better used. It’s the same for every position, even a Ph.D. student or even a Masters student. They have been studying in the best universities for three, five, ten years, and their time should be better used than to do mundane searches.”
To respond to a call for projects for European Union funding of over a million euros, Vallot has to produce a document of about 20 pages, starting with an overview of the literature to see what has transpired around the topic in the past few years, why it’s important, what is missing or needs to be researched. “It’s painstaking work to first find the documents, digest them and then propose new ideas,” she says. “It takes a lot of time, and it’s exactly one of the things we want this Copilot agent to do – not to write my proposal but to produce the relevant articles with summaries. It’s not searching for four articles that’s the best use of my brain.”
In a similar vein, researchers regularly are asked to evaluate others’ work, or to help decide whether a research project should be financed. One part of those tasks involves searching databases to ensure that the idea is original. Or perhaps the topic isn’t directly within the researcher’s expertise and they need to read up about it. That now involves time-consuming keyword searches, which could be done much more quickly with Copilot for Researcher, which will be able to provide, say, a one-page summary.
“You can always keep control. You can always go back to the paper. You can always troubleshoot things, but you have a first level of analysis, which is not hard, but very time consuming,” Hersen said.
In addition to being researchers, they are writers, editors, evaluators, recruiters, managers, project managers, accountants …. Many also teach.
“The more they publish well, the more they are recognized in their domain, the more they are experts, the more things are demanded of them, often without being paid extra,” said Tatiana Malherbe, deputy director of the Institut Curie’s research center.
