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The Role of Checksums in Ethereum Mnemonic Phrases
When creating an Ethereum mnemonic phrase, a combination of words is often used to store its private keys. A common practice is to include additional characters at the end of each word, called checksums or checksums. This ensures that even if someone were to obtain the entire seed phrase, they would be unable to recover the original 24-word phrase without knowing the corresponding checksums.
But what happens if we take a closer look at the structure of these seeds? In this article, we will find out whether the 24th character of an Ethereum mnemonic phrase is actually a checksum or just another word.
Structure of the Original Mnemonic Phrase
A typical Ethereum original mnemonic phrase consists of 24 words. Here’s an example:
a1 b2 c3 d4 e5 f6 g7 h8 i9 j10 k11 l12 m13 n14 o15 p16 q17 r18 s19 t20 u21 v22 w23 x24
The first 20 characters represent the actual mnemonic phrase, while the last three characters are the checksums.
Checking the last three characters
Let’s take a closer look at the example you provided. The last three characters of your seed phrase are:
x24
At first glance, it might seem like these characters could be the checksum. However, we need to check if they actually match the expected format.
According to the Ethereum documentation, checksums must consist of 4 hexadecimal numbers separated by colons (:) and each number must be exactly 4 digits long (e.g., “x24:1234567890abcdef”).
Using this rule, let’s try to extract the checksum from your seed phrase:
x24:x43:x2d:x65
The resulting string does not match the expected format. There are no four-digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons.
Conclusion
In conclusion, it seems that the 24th character of an Ethereum mnemonic seed phrase is not a checksum but another word. Checksums should be the last three characters of the mnemonic phrase, but your example shows that they do not follow this format.
If you are creating a mnemonic phrase for Ethereum, be sure to include all 20 words and ensure that each word has exactly four hexadecimal digits in its checksum. This will help prevent confusion or issues when trying to recover the original mnemonic phrase.
Additional Tips
To avoid similar issues, consider the following best practices:
- Use a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG) to generate your mnemonic phrase.
- Include all 20 words in your mnemonic phrase.
- Ensure that each word has exactly four hexadecimal digits in its checksum.
- Keep your mnemonic phrase secure and private.
By following these guidelines, you can ensure the integrity of your mnemonic phrase and avoid potential issues when using it for Ethereum transactions.
